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Causes Prevention and Treatment of Infertility

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Reifenstein syndrome in males involves partial androgen insensitivity in males and presents as a spectrum of abnormal external genitalia and infertility.[22] Because cells inadequately respond to androgen stimulation, spermatogenesis is impaired. Congenital forms of anestrus may be due to lack of function of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis or ovarian dysgenesis. Rarely, a blood clot may develop in an artery or vein, liver or kidney problems can arise, and respiratory distress may develop. Heavy, long, or painful periods Heavy periods may indicate an underlying condition affecting fertility. If he has two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome, as in Klinefelter's syndrome, the testicles will develop abnormally and there will be low testosterone and a low sperm count or no sperm.

Fertilizing Capacity of Epididymal and Testicular Sperm using Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI). (PDF, 7 MB)Reproduction, Fertility and Development, 1995. A variety of disorders ranging from hormonal disturbances to physical problems, to psychological problems can cause male infertility.  Although many treatment options are now available, in many cases treatment will not work.  In many instances, male infertility is caused by testicular damage resulting in an inability of the testicle to produce sperm.  Once damaged, the testicle will not usually regain its sperm-making capabilities; this aspect of male infertility is analogous to menopause (though not natural like menopause) for women and cannot usually be treated.  Despite medicine�s limited ability to treat male infertility, many successful treatment options are available for its many causes.  Besides testicular damage, the main causes of male infertility are low sperm production and poor sperm quality.   The Causes of Male Infertility Male infertility has many causes--from hormonal imbalances, to physical problems, to psychological and/or behavioral problems.  Moreover, fertility reflects a man�s �overall� health.  Men who live a healthy lifestyle are more likely to produce healthy sperm.  The following list highlights some lifestyle choices that negatively impact male fertility--it is not all-inclusive: · Smoking--significantly decreases both sperm count and sperm cell motility. · Prolonged use of marijuana and other recreational drugs. · Chronic alcohol abuse. · Anabolic steroid use--causes testicular shrinkage and infertility. · Overly intense exercise--produces high levels of adrenal steroid hormones which cause a    testosterone deficiency resulting in infertility. · Inadequate vitamin C and Zinc in the diet. · Tight underwear--increases scrotal temperature which results in decreased sperm production. · Exposure to environmental hazards and toxins such as pesticides, lead, paint, radiation, radioactive   substances, mercury,  benzene, boron, and heavy metals · Malnutrition and anemia. · Excessive stress! A review of records from other fertility doctors that you have seen is also important.

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Causes Prevention and Treatment of Infertility

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In humans, infertility is the inability to become pregnant after one year of intercourse without contraception involving a male and female partner.[2] There are many causes of infertility, including some that medical intervention can treat.[3] Estimates from 1997 suggest that worldwide about five percent of all heterosexual couples have an unresolved problem with infertility. Some medications increase the risk of fertility problems in men.

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Where Dreams are Born. (PDF, 2 MB) Jewish Light, 2010. If the response is exaggerated, with more than 5 sizable follicles (18 mm in diameter), and the E2 level is greater than 2500 pc/mL, cancelling the ovulation is better to avoid the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and a high order of multiple pregnancy. Blood tests Depending on the individual couple's situation, various blood tests on either the female or the male may be needed.

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Large submucosal uterine fibroids may make the uterus' cavity bigger, increasing the distance the sperm has to travel. This drug is administered in a pulsatile fashion every 60-120 minutes, intravenously or subcutaneously using a delivery pump. Lifetime prevalence of infertility and infertility treatment in the UK: results from a population-based survey of reproduction. Most problems are related to premature labor and pregnancy loss. Patients may have a normal palpable vas deferens bilaterally but show decreased ejaculate volume and hemospermia and may experience pain upon ejaculation. Weight loss in obese infertile women results in improvement in reproductive outcome for all forms of fertility treatment. Management of the infertile couple: an evidence-based protocol. Renal Transplantation Between Adults and Children. (PDF, 1 MB) Journal of the American Medical Association, 1974. Evaluating the Infertile Male – Part 1. (PDF, 5 MB) Contemporary OB/GYN, 2004.


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