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The typical indication is the oligoasthenoteratozoospermia here. For example, treatment for Hodgkin disease has been estimated to lead to infertility in as many as 80-100% of patients. Myotonic dystrophy This is an autosomal dominant defect in the dystrophin gene that causes a delay in muscle relaxation after contraction. The average pregnancy rate achieved after a natural-cycle intrauterine insemination is 8%.

Review Questions The answers can be found below the references. WHO categorizes ovulatory disorders into three groups: group I is caused by hypothalamic pituitary failure (10%), group II results from dysfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis (85%), and group III is caused by ovarian failure (5%).

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If this is unsuccessful, the decision which form of artificial insemination is going to be used is made individually. Sperm are then collected, washed, and added to the eggs in the dish.

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Ovulation disorders appear to be the most common cause of infertility in women. In response to FSH stimulation at puberty, germ cells become spermatogonia and undergo an ordered maturation to become spermatozoa. Factors contributing to the formation of antisperm antibodies in women are disturbance of normal immunoregulatory mechanisms, infection, violation of the integrity of the mucous membranes, rape and unprotected oral or anal sex. Today, it is feasible by using a gestational carrier. Surgical Management of Male Infertility. (PDF, 2 MB) Chapter 12 from textbook, Male Infertility, 1992. 6-Mb Deletion of the Human Y Chromosome Persists Through Balance Between Recurrent Mutation and Haploid Selection. (PDF, 295 KB) Nature Genetics, 2003.

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This is an uncommon type of anovulation disorder. Although tubal disease was the original indication for IVF, many more indications have developed over the years. Conventional In-vitro Fertilization vs Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection for Patients Requiring Microsurgical Sperm Aspiration. (PDF, 3 MB) Human Reproduction, 1994. Some diseases: Conditions that are sometimes linked to lower fertility in males are anemia, Cushing's syndrome, diabetes, and thyroid disease. Both infertility and subfertility are defined as the inability to conceive after a certain period of time (the length of which vary), so often the two terms overlap. Testicular histology typically reveals a decreased number of Leydig cells and decreased spermatogenesis. Some problems stop an egg being released at all, while others prevent an egg being released during some cycles but not others. A mature egg is taken from the mother and fertilized with the sperm in a lab. 5) Endometrial polyps: Endometrial polyps are finger-like growths in the uterine cavity arising from the lining of the uterus, called the endometrium, These abnormalities are rarely associated with cancer (<1% in a woman before menopause), but polyps are can decrease fertility by up to 50% according to some studies. The embryos are placed within the tip of the transfer catheter and then injected within the uterine cavity once the catheter is placed through the cervical canal to the ideal spot within the uterus. If the E2 level is below 100 pc/mL and the sonogram shows small follicular development, hMG is increased to 150 IU/day for an additional 5 days. In men who have the necessary reproductive organs to procreate, infertility can be caused by low sperm count due to endocrine problems, drugs, radiation, or infection.